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Token Transfer

Karura supports different types of tokens than Kusama, and allows various ways to transfer tokens. This guide will walk through tokens available on Karura, tools can be used for transfers, how to send transfer transactions, monitor and track these transactions.

Token Types

Token

Symbol
Description
CurrencyId
Decimals
Minimal Balance
KAR
native token of Karura network
Token(KAR)
12
0.1 KAR
aUSD
multi-collateralized stablecoin
Token(KUSD)
12
0.01 aUSD
KSM
crossed to Karura from Kusama Relay Chain
Token(KSM)
10
0.01 KSM
LKSM
tokenized staked LKSM from the Liquid Staking protocol
Token(LKSM)
10
0.05 LKSM
BNC
Bifrost Native Token
Token(BNC)
12
0.008 BNC
TAI
Taiga
Token(TAI)
12
1 TAI
PHA
Phala Native Token
Token(PHA)
12
0.04 PHA
KINT
Kintsugi Native Token
Token(KINT)
12
0.00013333 KINT
VSKSM
Bifrost Voucher Slot KSM
Token(VSKSM)
12
0.0001 VSKSM
KBTC
Kintsugi Wrapped BTC
Token(KBTC)
8
0.00000066 KBTC
AssetRegistry registered the metadata info of this type token.

DexShare

The lp share token for the trading pair of Karura DEX. The CurrencyId type of Karura DEX's lp token are CurrencyId::DexShare, and the decimals and minimal balance of lp token are same as the first token in DexShare. For example, CurrencyId::DexShare(Token(KAR), Token(KSM)) is the CurrencyId of lp token of KAR/KSM pair, its decimal is 12, and minimal balance is 0.1, these are same as KAR.
Currently, AssetRegistry does not register metadata info of any lp token.

Erc20

Token issued by ERC20 contracts deployed in Karura EVM+. The CurrencyId type is Erc20(Address), Address is the ERC20 contract address on EVM+.

StableAssetPoolToken

Symbol
Description
CurrencyId
Decimals
Minimal Balance
taiKSM
Taiga KSM
StableAssetPoolToken(0)
12
0.0001 taiKSM
AssetRegistry registered the metadata info of this type token.

ForeignAsset

Symbol
Description
CurrencyId
Decimals
Minimal Balance
RMRK
RMRK
ForeignAsset(0)
10
0.01 RMRK
ARIS
PolarisDAO
ForeignAsset(1)
8
0.001 ARIS
QTZ
Quartz
ForeignAsset(2)
18
1 QTZ
MOVR
Moonriver
ForeignAsset(3)
18
0.001 MOVR
HKO
Heiko
ForeignAsset(4)
12
0.1 HKO
CSM
Crust Shadow Native Token
ForeignAsset(5)
12
1 CSM
KICO
KICO
ForeignAsset(6)
14
1 KICO
USDT
Tether USD
ForeignAsset(7)
6
0.01 USDT
Tokens originated from other parachains. AssetRegistry registered the metadata info of this type token.

Query token's metadata on assetRegistry

query asset metadata
  • Native Network Token
    • KAR
  • Native Protocol Tokens
    • LKSM: tokenized staked KSM from the Liquid Staking protocol
    • kUSD: multi-collateralized stablecoin
  • Foreign Tokens
    • KSM: crossed to Karura from Kusama Relay Chain
    • Tokens originated from other parachains
    • Tokens crossed from other blockchains such as ETH, renBTC or Compound CASH
  • ERC20 Tokens
    • Token issued by ERC20 contracts deployed in Karura EVM

Tools

Token balances

Query chain state to get token balances.

Native token (KAR) balances

Query system module to get native token (KAR) balances data.

system.account

  • Returns the AccountInfo of given account. For different types of balances, check the fields in AccountInfo.data
    • free: the free balance.
    • reserve: the reserved balance.

Other tokens

For non-native tokens, like KSM, LKSM, kUSD, query tokens module to get balances info.

tokens.accounts

  • Returns the OrmlAccountData of given account and currency ID. For different types of balances, check the fields:
    • free: the free balance.
    • reserved: the reserved balance.

tokens.lock

  • Returns the BalanceLock of given account and currency ID. BalanceLock has two fields:
    • id: the lock identifier.
    • amount. the locked amount.
  • Note locks could be overlapped, and the same amount of tokens could be under locked by multiple locks.

Send Tokens

Transactions

currencies.transfer

currencies.transferNativeCurrency

balances.transfer

xtokens transfer by XCM

  • ORML's Xtokens Module supports token transfer by cross-consensus messages (XCM), and has a number of dispatchable functions to support different use cases.
  • xtokens transfer functions: xtokens.transfer xtokens.transfer_multiasset xtokens.transfer_with_fee
    xtokens.transfer_multiasset_with_fee
    xtokens.transfer_multicurrencies
    xtokens.transfer_multiassets
  • Can be used to send any supported tokens in the source and destination networks, including ERC20 tokens.

Receive Tokens

There are multiple ways to detect incoming balance transfers:
  • Monitor events
  • Subscribe storage changes
  • Monitor transactions

Monitor Events

Monitoring events is a recommended way to track incoming balance transfers. It can handle ALL types of transfer transactions including the one that is not initiated by a transaction directly (e.g. delayed proxy).

balances.transfer

currencies.transfer

currencies.deposit

xtokens.transferredmultiassets

Storage changes RPC

    • Subscribe to a list of account balances. However, it does not guarantee subscription delivery due to connection errors or blockchain reorg.

Monitor Transactions

It is possible to fetch transactions in every block, check for transfer transactions, and check if the transfer transaction is successful. However, this may likely yield false-negative results i.e. deposit received but failed to recognize, due to the various ways for transfer.
Refer to Send Tokens section for direct transfer transactions. In additional, to sending transfer transactions individually, there are common utility methods to batch send transfer transactions:

utility.batch

  • This can be used to send batch transaction
  • NOTE: batched transactions will always emit success events.
    • utility.BatchCompleted event indicates that all transactions are successful
    • utility.BatchInterrupted event indicates which transaction failed. Transactions before the failed transaction are executed successfully and will not be reverted.

utility.batchAll